Test de Autoevaluación de Meditación Transcendental: a psychometric study of Peruvian school children and adolescents
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35622/j.rie.2024.03.001Palabras clave:
Meditación Trascendental, pruebas psicométricas, análisis factorial exploratorio, escuela, PerúResumen
Los efectos específicos y holísticos de la práctica de la técnica de Meditación Trascendental han sido documentados exhaustivamente. Los hallazgos asociados con la práctica han incluido una variedad de beneficios fisiológicos, psicológicos y sociológicos, pero también han abarcado medidas de salud general, bienestar y desarrollo humano. Sin embargo, se han utilizado pocos, si acaso, instrumentos de prueba indígenas para recopilar estos datos. En Perú, un instrumento de prueba llamado Test de Autoevaluación de Meditación Trascendental, diseñado para medir los beneficios de la Meditación Trascendental en niños escolares y adolescentes, ha sido desplegado con cierto grado de éxito. El test fue diseñado hace unos 25 años para medir la salud física, cognitiva, emocional y el rendimiento escolar, y ha sido completado por aproximadamente 50,000 estudiantes de primaria y secundaria desde su introducción. Estudios publicados recientemente han documentado los resultados. Sin embargo, el test nunca ha sido evaluado psicométricamente. Por lo tanto, el propósito del presente estudio fue evaluar rigurosamente la fiabilidad y la validez de constructo del instrumento utilizando análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Los resultados de estos análisis revelaron cinco factores latentes—mayor alerta y energía, mejor salud física y mental, mejor rendimiento cognitivo, mejor regulación emocional y conductual, y relaciones interpersonales más satisfactorias—que predijeron de manera confiable una escala general de salud en los estudiantes. La aplicación de un Test de Autoevaluación de Meditación Trascendental revisado está ahora lista para un uso más amplio en Perú y, con traducción, en otros entornos escolares.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Lee Fergusson, Maxwell Rainforth, Javier Ortiz-Cabrejos, Anna Bonshek (Autor/a)
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