Teste de Autoavaliação de Meditação Transcendental: um estudo psicométrico de crianças e adolescentes peruanos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35622/j.rie.2024.03.001Palavras-chave:
Meditação Transcendental, teste psicométrico, análise fatorial exploratória, escola, PeruResumo
Os efeitos específicos e holísticos da prática da técnica de Meditação Transcendental foram amplamente documentados. As descobertas associadas à prática incluíram uma gama de benefícios fisiológicos, psicológicos e sociológicos, mas também abrangeram medidas de saúde geral, bem-estar e desenvolvimento humano. No entanto, poucos ou nenhum instrumento de teste indígena foram usados para coletar esses dados. No Peru, um instrumento de teste chamado Teste de Autoavaliação de Meditação Transcendental, projetado para medir os benefícios da Meditação Transcendental em crianças em idade escolar e adolescentes, foi implementado com algum grau de sucesso. O teste foi projetado há cerca de 25 anos para medir a saúde física, cognitiva, emocional e o desempenho escolar, e foi completado por cerca de 50.000 estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio desde a sua introdução. Estudos recentemente publicados documentaram os resultados. No entanto, o teste nunca foi avaliado psicometricamente. Portanto, o propósito do presente estudo foi avaliar rigorosamente a confiabilidade e a validade de construção do instrumento usando análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória. Os resultados dessas análises revelaram cinco fatores latentes—maior alerta e energia, saúde física e mental melhorada, desempenho cognitivo aprimorado, regulação emocional e comportamental aprimorada, e relacionamentos interpessoais mais satisfatórios—que previram de maneira confiável uma escala geral de saúde nos estudantes. A aplicação de um Teste de Autoavaliação de Meditação Transcendental revisado está agora pronta para uso mais amplo no Peru e, com tradução, em outros ambientes escolares.
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